高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练对肥胖青少年的心肺功能,心脏自主功能和血管功能进行比较:一个随机对照试验
Zheng-Yu Su1, Wei-Liang Yu2, Zhi-Wei Yan3,4
1College of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
European journal of sport science
|November 5, 2024
概括
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 在肥胖的青少年男孩中同样改善了心脏呼吸能力. 然而,与MICT相比,HIIT对内皮功能和静脉同情平衡有更好的益处.
科学领域:
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 儿童肥胖研究儿童肥胖研究
背景情况:
- 青少年肥胖会对心肺功能,血管健康和自主平衡产生负面影响.
- 已知中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 在这个人群中有利于心血管健康.
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 对肥胖青少年心血管参数的比较影响仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在肥胖的青少年男孩中,比较一项为期8周的HIIT计划与一项为期8周的MICT计划在改善心肺健康 (VO2峰值),血管弹性 (baPWV),内皮功能 (FMD) 和静脉同情平衡 (HRV) 的有效性.
- 为了测试HIIT在这些改进方面可能比MICT更有效的假设.
主要方法:
- 44名肥胖的青少年男孩被随机分配到HIIT组或MICT组进行8周的运动干预.
- HIIT包括10次重复1分钟的高强度运动 (85%-95%的峰值心率) 与2分钟的积极恢复.
- MICT涉及35分钟的连续运动,心率达到65%-75%的峰值. 测量了VO2峰值,腕脉冲波速率 (baPWV),流媒体扩张 (FMD) 和心率变化 (HRV).
主要成果:
- 在改善VO2峰值 (p=0.243) 或baPWV (p=0.789) 方面,在HIIT和MICT之间没有发现显著差异.
- 与MICT组相比,HIIT组在流媒体扩张 (FMD%) 中的改善显著更大 (p < 0.001).
- 与MICT组相比,在HIIT组中观察到HRV高频率 (HRV-HF; p=0.009) 和HRV低频/高频率比率 (HRV-LF/HF; p=0.035) 的显著改善.
结论:
- 8周的HIIT和MICT干预都在肥胖的青少年男孩中产生了类似的心肺健康 (VO2峰值) 的改善.
- 在增强内皮功能和改善该人群的静态交感平衡方面,HIIT似乎优于MICT.
- 这些发现表明,HIIT可能在肥胖青少年的特定心血管健康标志物上比MICT提供明显的优势.
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