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通过使用自动机器学习平台的卷积神经网络对Sjögren综合征的唾液腺活检进行分类
Jorge Álvarez Troncoso1,2, Elena Ruiz-Bravo3, Clara Soto Abánades1,2
1Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
BMC rheumatology
|November 6, 2024
概括
自动ML平台快速开发人工智能模型,用于使用组织病理学来诊断Sjögren综合征 (SS). 这个人工智能工具准确量化了焦点分数,提高了SS的诊断速度和精度.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在病理学中的应用
- 数字病理学数字病理学
- 机器学习用于医学诊断
背景情况:
- 细小的唾液腺活检的组织病理学分析,专注于焦点得分 (FS),对于诊断Sjögren综合征 (SS) 至关重要.
- 人工智能和深度学习在提高临床前研究的诊断准确性和效率方面表现有前途.
研究的目的:
- 采用自动机器学习 (autoML) 平台用于在基因病理幻灯片中进行自动细分和FS量化.
- 为了提高Sjögren综合征的诊断精度和速度.
主要方法:
- 使用86名患者 (37名SS,49名非SS) 的队列,并使用172个小的唾液腺活检幻灯片.
- 使用Giotto autoML平台与ResNet-152 CNN架构进行模型训练和验证.
- 在数据集中包括74个SS阳性幻灯片 (FS ≥ 1) 和98个正常的唾液腺幻灯片.
主要成果:
- 开发的AI模型获得了0.88的可靠性得分,在区分SS病例时具有89.47%的灵敏度和88.24%的特异性.
- 该模型证明了基于FS量化对SS的分类能力.
- 由于固定或染色问题,幻灯片质量低于最佳,对准确的分类提出了最重大的挑战.
结论:
- 自动ML平台促进机器学习模型的快速开发,即使数据有限,用于SS诊断等应用程序.
- 这些平台为改善临床和研究环境中的诊断准确性和效率提供了巨大的潜力.
- 为全面验证这种人工智能驱动的诊断方法,建议对更大的队列进行进一步的多中心研究.
相关概念视频
Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview
Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium
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Multicellular glands are formed during early development when epithelial budding...
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Classification of Connective Tissues
The connective tissues have different properties and functions in the human body. They are broadly categorized into proper, supporting, or fluid connective tissues.
Connective Tissue Proper
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Connective Tissue Proper
Connective tissue proper is the most abundant class of connective tissues. As its name implies, it predominantly connects different tissues in the body. Depending on the cell types, ground substance, viscosity, and fiber types in the ECM, connective tissue proper is further categorized into loose and dense.
Classification of Leukocytes
Leukocytes are classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of cytoplasmic granules. Granular leukocytes, which contain granules, belong to the myeloid lineage and are divided into three subtypes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These cells are roughly spherical and characterized by the granules in their cytoplasm.
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...
Salivary Glands and Saliva
The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...

