发育协调障碍和早期儿童体育活动轨迹
Sara King-Dowling, Scott Veldhuizen, Sarah Wellman-Earl1
1INfant, Child & youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, CANADA.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|November 6, 2024
概括
患有发育协调障碍 (DCD) 的儿童在4-8岁时表现出较低的中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA). 这种体育活动缺陷在整个幼儿时期持续存在,突出显示了早期干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经发育 儿科神经发育
- 运动控制和学习.
- 公共卫生和体力活动
背景情况:
- 发育协调障碍 (DCD) 是一种常见的神经发育状况,影响运动技能.
- 患有DCD的儿童经常体验身体活动 (PA) 的缺陷,但这种差距的出现尚未得到充分理解.
- 了解DCD中PA缺陷的发病和持续是及时干预的关键.
研究的目的:
- 纵向检查具有和没有DCD的儿童的设备评估的体力活动 (PA) 轨迹.
- 确定什么时候以及如何在患有DCD的儿童和通常发展的同龄人之间出现PA差异.
- 从4岁到8岁分析PA体积和中度至强度PA (MVPA).
主要方法:
- 对535名儿童进行前性队列研究,每年对4-8岁的儿童进行评估.
- 根据儿童运动评估电池第二版,将其分类为可能的DCD (<6百分位数),有DCD风险 (6至16百分位数) 和典型的发展 (>16百分位数).
- 使用ActiGraph加速度计对中度至强度PA (MVPA) 和PA体积的客观评估;通过线性混合效应模型进行分析.
主要成果:
- 与典型发育的儿童相比,可能患有DCD的儿童和有风险的儿童的MVPA显著降低.
- 总体PA体积的赤字仅在可能的DCD组中稍微明显.
- 在PA的变化速度在不同组之间没有差异,这表明在整个幼儿时代有一个一致的赤字.
结论:
- 患有DCD的幼儿在整个幼儿时期都会经历持续的MVPA缺乏.
- 建议以运动技能和PA为重点的早期干预措施来缓解这些缺陷.
- 早期解决运动困难可以促进DDC儿童更健康的活动轨迹.
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