在厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区量化过去的森林覆盖面和生物质变化
Nina H Witteveen1, Zoë S Kleijwegt1,2, Hana Geara1
1Department of Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, the Netherlands.
The New phytologist
|November 6, 2024
概括
这项研究重建了超过1500年的亚马逊森林覆盖面和生物质变化. 过去的土地使用,特别是火灾,对森林动态产生了重大影响,揭示了人类异质的影响.
科学领域:
- 古生态学 古生态学
- 环境历史 环境历史
- 亚马逊的生态学
背景情况:
- 了解长期森林动态对于保护至关重要.
- 由于数据有限,重建亚马逊过去的环境变化是具有挑战性的.
研究的目的:
- 量化重建过去1500年的亚马逊西北部森林覆盖面和生物质变化.
- 确定过去土地使用对森林生态系统的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发并应用了使用遥感数据和植物体分析来预测地表生物质的通用线性模型.
- 使用贝塔回归模型与Poaceae植物石来预测森林覆盖面.
- 分析了木炭和玉米植物石,以推断过去的土地使用做法.
主要成果:
- 森林覆盖面和生物质变化差异很大 (48-84%和142-438 Mg ha-1).
- 不连续的人类活动导致了森林覆盖面和生物质的大幅波动,特别是在火灾或种植事件发生后.
- 过去人类的影响在空间和时间上是异质的,火灾是重要的驱动因素.
结论:
- 过去在亚马逊西北部的人类土地使用规模小且多样化.
- 火灾在改变森林覆盖面和生物质方面发挥了关键作用.
- 过去的土地使用对生态的影响在空间和时间上是可变的.
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