在盲人中,听觉分心器呈现后,对最近呈现的听觉数字进行了增强的听觉序列回忆
Julia Föcker1, Leyu Huang2, Alliza L Caling1
1College of Health and Social Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
概括
盲人表现出优异的听觉记忆回忆,并且与视力和视力障碍者相比,被分散注意力的情感声音影响较小. 这表明,视觉缺陷患者的认知策略得到了增强.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 感官处理 感官处理
背景情况:
- 有效的注意力和记忆对于日常运作至关重要.
- 视觉剥夺对认知控制和听觉记忆的影响仍然不清楚.
- 了解视力障碍如何影响自上而下的控制 (任务聚焦) 和自下而上的处理 (干扰器过) 是很重要的.
研究的目的:
- 调查严重的 (失明) 和中度的 (视力受损) 视觉剥夺如何影响听觉序列回忆性能.
- 检查不同视觉群体中不同情感表现的听觉分心器对记忆回忆的影响.
- 为了比较盲人,视力障碍者和有视力的个人使用的认知控制策略.
主要方法:
- 17名盲人,17名视障人士和17名视力正常人士参与了这项研究.
- 参与者执行了一项涉及数字序列的听觉序列回忆任务.
- 听觉分心流与稳定状态或变化状态的声音在情感prosodies被呈现后刺激.
主要成果:
- 盲人个人表现出优越的整体序列回忆和更好地保留后来的项目在序列中.
- 与视力受损和有视力的对照人群相比,盲人显示出较弱的连续位置效应.
- 受影响的分心因子的情感回忆有所不同:有视力和视力受损的参与者对恐惧/愤怒的稳定状态声音有所改善,而盲人则不受影响.
结论:
- 盲人拥有增强的听觉记忆能力和注意力控制.
- 视觉剥夺可能导致补偿性认知策略的发展,如关联和分组.
- 在盲人和有视力的个体之间,情绪性听觉分心的处理方式有很大差异.
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