人工智能在皮肤癌诊断中的伦理影响:用例分析
Syed F H Shah1, Daniel Arecco2, Heather Draper2
1John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
The British journal of dermatology
|November 6, 2024
概括
人工智能辅助的皮肤癌智能手机应用程序在开发和使用中表现出道德方面的担忧. 需要改善监管和综合伦理,以确保患者安全,并防止这些工具对患者造成伤害.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
背景情况:
- 皮肤癌是全球普遍存在的健康问题,需要早期检测以改善患者的治疗结果.
- 由人工智能驱动的智能手机应用程序为早期皮肤癌风险评估提供了可访问的工具.
- 围绕人工智能在医疗保健中的伦理考虑,特别是面向公众的应用,需要进行彻底审查.
研究的目的:
- 对商业上可用的AI皮肤癌应用进行道德用例分析.
- 识别和理解与这些应用程序的开发和现实世界的部署相关的伦理挑战.
主要方法:
- 临床AI的伦理分析方法应用于英国的两个皮肤癌应用程序 (SkinVision和Scanoma).
- 进行了系统的文献,监管和网站搜索,以收集有关应用程序开发,有效性和使用的证据.
- 通过引用已建立的AI医疗保健伦理原则,确定了道德问题.
主要成果:
- 在分析的两个应用程序的AI生命周期中确定了伦理问题.
- 应用程序之间注意到对算法开发和决策流程的不一致报告.
- 担忧包括对算法有效性的证据不足,对较深色肤色的潜在偏见,以及监管监督不足.
结论:
- 分析的AI皮肤癌应用程序表明,对正义,责任和透明度等生物伦理原则的整合不足.
- 加强监管框架对于提高AI医疗保健应用中的问责制至关重要.
- 参与开发人员,临床医生,伦理学家和公众的协作"设计时的伦理学"方法对于减轻伦理风险至关重要.
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