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美国比特币矿业繁荣带来的环境负担
Gianluca Guidi1,2, Francesca Dominici1, Nat Steinsultz3
1Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Research square
|November 6, 2024
概括
比特币采矿是比特币的采矿.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 能源消耗 能源消耗 能源消耗
- 空气污染 造成的空气污染
背景情况:
- 比特币挖矿使用大量的电力.
- 这种能源消耗对空气污染的影响尚不清楚.
- 微粒 (PM2.5) 污染对环境健康构成风险.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化比特币矿山所造成的空气污染.
- 确定受影响的社区及其健康风险.
- 为了评估供电比特币矿的电力来源.
主要方法:
- 位于美国的34个主要比特币矿 (2022年).
- 确定电力来源和消费 (2022年中期至2023年中期).
- 模拟PM2.5暴露和精确指定的受影响社区.
主要成果:
- 34个矿山消耗了32.3 TWh的电力,其中85%来自化石燃料.
- 美国有190万名美国人暴露于PM2.5水平的增加.
- 纽约和休斯顿附近的社区面临着最高的污染度和健康风险.
结论:
- 比特币挖矿对PM2.5空气污染作出了重大贡献.
- 化石燃料的依赖加剧了环境和健康的影响.
- 不成比例的健康风险影响远离采矿业务的社区.
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