在轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病中,纵向加速大脑年龄
Maria Ly1, Gary Yu1, Sang Joon Son2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|November 6, 2024
概括
在轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中,大脑年龄更高. 随着时间的推移,MCI患者的脑衰老速度更快,与可能已经经历过加速衰老的AD患者不同.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 大脑年龄,一种机器学习指标,反映了大脑体积,在轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中升高.
- 在MCI和AD人群中,大脑年龄的纵向变化尚未得到充分理解.
- 之前的研究表明,与健康对照组 (HC) 相比,MCI和AD患者的脑年龄更高.
研究的目的:
- 在健康对照组 (HC),MCI和AD组中调查大脑年龄的纵向变化.
- 为了确定MCI和AD是否随着时间的推移表现出加速的大脑衰老率.
- 为了比较MCI,AD和HC个体之间大脑衰老的速度.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自阿尔茨海默病神经成像计划 (ADNI) 1数据集 (3 Tesla) 的二次数据分析.
- 包括HC,MCI和AD组中的183名参与者 (共677次扫描).
- 采用预先训练的机器学习模型来预测大脑年龄,并对大脑年龄的时间和时间表年龄进行纵向建模.
主要成果:
- 大脑年龄预测模型实现了5年以下的平均绝对误差.
- 与HC相比,患有MCI和AD的个体显示大脑年龄明显更高.
- 经过一段时间,MCI组的脑年龄增加率显著更高,而AD组的老化速度与HC相比没有显著差异.
结论:
- 在MCI和AD中复制了大脑年龄升高的发现.
- MCI与纵向加速的大脑衰老有关,而AD可能代表加速衰老已经发生的后期阶段.
- 未来的研究应该专注于MCI干预措施,通过调节大脑衰老速度来潜在地减缓认知衰退.
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