在CD36缺乏症中,微血管胰岛素抵抗与增强的肌肉葡萄糖处理在CD36缺乏症中
Cyndya A Shibao1, Vivek S Peche2, Terri A Pietka2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. cyndya.shibao@vumc.org.
Diabetologia
|November 6, 2024
概括
缺少CD36会影响微血管功能和胰岛素.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 微血管功能障碍是胰岛素抵抗的一个关键因素.
- 脂肪酸载体CD36在微血管内皮细胞和胰岛素信号传递中起着至关重要的作用.
- CD36中的遗传变异,如rs3211938 G等位基因,导致CD36表达减少和内皮功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查CD36缺乏是否导致微血管胰岛素抵抗.
- 为了确定CD36缺乏对葡萄糖处理的影响.
- 阐明将CD36与微血管和代谢健康联系起来的机制.
主要方法:
- 在CD36淘汰赛小鼠和CD36缺乏的人类中,高胰岛素血糖-高血糖.
- 评估血管合规性,毛细血管输液和微血管血量 (MBV).
- 在体外研究中,使用具有CD36枯竭的人类微血管内皮细胞来分析胰岛素信号通路 (Akt, eNOS, NO生成).
主要成果:
- CD36淘汰赛小鼠表现出增强的葡萄糖排放,但损害了血管顺应和输液.
- 缺乏CD36的人类显示出改善的葡萄糖处置,但微血管血液体积对胰岛素没有反应.
- 缺少CD36的人类微血管细胞显示胰岛素刺激的Akt和eNOS激活减少,损害了氧化 (NO) 的产生.
结论:
- CD36缺乏导致微血管胰岛素抵抗,其特征是血管顺应性降低和胰岛素介导的MBV增加受损.
- 尽管有微血管胰岛素耐药性,但组织适应了胰岛素敏感性增强的葡萄糖处理.
- 在CD36缺乏症中准NO生物可用性可能为微血管和肌肉/心脏代谢提供治疗效益.
更多相关视频
08:47Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
Published on: December 7, 2017
9.6K
08:01Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice
Published on: May 16, 2021
5.7K
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.5K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.5K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.2K
Carbohydrate Metabolism
10.8K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
10.8K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
175
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
175
