词重复使用和组合支持新兴概念的高效沟通
Aotao Xu1,2, Charles Kemp3, Lea Frermann2
1Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
概括
词汇化,新词的创造,使用词的重复使用和组合. 这项研究揭示了这两种策略平衡单词长度和信息性,以实现高效的沟通.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 信息理论 信息理论
背景情况:
- 词汇化对于表达新概念至关重要.
- 单词重复使用和单词形成 (组合) 是常见的词汇化策略,通常是单独研究.
- 现有的研究将单词意义扩展和单词形成的研究分开.
研究的目的:
- 提出关于词汇化策略的信息理论解释.
- 解释词长度与词重复使用和组合中的信息性之间的权衡.
- 在一个单一的理论框架下统一词语重复使用和组合的研究.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种信息理论的词汇化模型.
- 分析了大量的英语,法语和芬兰语的词汇项目 (重复使用和组合) 数据集.
- 将历史词汇项的沟通效率与假设的替代品进行比较.
主要成果:
- 词汇化策略受到单词长度和精确度之间的权衡的限制.
- 单词重复使用有利于以精确性为代价的更短的单词;单词组合产生更有信息但更长的单词.
- 历史上出现的词汇项目显示出比假设构造更高的沟通效率.
- 文字重复使用的物品和化合物比它们的非文字对应物更具沟通效率.
结论:
- 单词的重复使用和组合在一个高效的沟通原则下统一.
- 词汇化策略是由竞争的沟通压力之间的平衡驱动的.
- 这些发现支持统一的信息理论解释词汇化.
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