德国农业中成功的NH3减排政策和法规
Yuncai Hu1, Heinz Flessa2, Cora Vos2
1Precision Agriculture Lab, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
The Science of the total environment
|November 6, 2024
概括
德国 德国 德国 德国
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 政策分析 政策分析
背景情况:
- 人为氨 (NH) 排放对人类健康和生态系统产生重大影响,农业是主要来源.
- 欧盟的NEC指令规定了成员国的国家NH3减排目标.
- 为了实现这些目标,德国实施了修订后的肥料应用条例 (DüV_修订) 和空气质量控制技术指令 (TA_Luft).
研究的目的:
- 评估德国DüV_amended和TA_Luft法规在减轻NH3排放方面的有效性.
- 评估这些政策对从畜,消化剂和合成肥中减少的NH3的影响.
- 分析具体措施,如尿素管理和泥应用技术对整体NH3缓解的贡献.
主要方法:
- 在实施DüV_amended (2017年,2020年) 和TA_Luft.之前和之后的NH3排放数据分析.
- 来自不同农业来源 (牲畜,消化剂,合成肥料) 的NH3减少贡献量化.
- 评估特定应用技术和住房/储存法规对排放水平的影响.
主要成果:
- 德国在2020年实现了第一个国家NH3减少目标.
- 通过有针对性的措施,杜维修改显著减少了农业NH3排放,减少了过剩,并提高了使用效率.
- 合成肥,特别是尿素的NH3排放减少占总体减少的很大一部分.
- 强制性接近土壤的泥应用和即将到来的草地/肥料结合规则对于未来的目标至关重要.
- TA_空气法规针对大型农场的住房和储存排放.
结论:
- 德国的DüV_amended是农业NH3缓解的有效政策,表明环境和农业目标可以协调一致.
- 针对尿素应用和便管理的具体措施对于实现显著的NH3减少至关重要.
- 德国的战略,特别是在合成肥方面,为全球NH3减排努力提供了宝贵的见解.
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