多学科的德尔菲共识关于挑战和关键因素,以实现慢性病的最佳护理模式
José Luis Górriz1, Roberto Alcázar Arroyo2, Patricia Arribas2
1Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Nefrologia
|November 6, 2024
概括
制定最佳慢性病 (CKD) 护理模式需要优先考虑预防,早期检测和协调患者监测. 共识确定了改善CKD管理和患者结果的38个关键因素.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 给医疗保健系统带来了重大挑战,原因是高发病率和资源利用率.
- 对CKD患者的最佳护理模式对于管理疾病负担和改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析目前的CKD护理模式.
- 为了达成关于最佳CKD护理模式的基本因素的共识.
- 促进一种多学科和综合的方法来治疗慢性病患者.
主要方法:
- 召开了一个由59名CKD专家组成的多学科小组 (15个咨询委员会,44个附加小组).
- 通过文献审查和专家采访,确定了护理方面的挑战和改进领域.
- 利用适应的Delphi方法 (兰德/UCLA共识) 来评估最佳CKD护理模式的关键因素.
主要成果:
- 确定了最佳CKD患者护理的38个关键因素,分为四个挑战:管理模式/可见性,预防/早期检测,协调监测和专业/患者培训.
- 35个因素被认为是充足的和必要的,其中14个被认为是非常必要的.
- 鉴定的因素为实施改进的CKD护理策略提供了路线图.
结论:
- 在制度和社会层面优先考虑CKD护理方面存在共识.
- 最佳的CKD护理模式应侧重于预防,早期发现,全面监测和加强培训.
- 鉴定到的关键因素可以指导各地区的实施,以显著改善患者护理.
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