9至10岁儿童在听觉句子处理过程中的语法和语义专业化
Jin Wang1, Neelima Wagley2, Mabel Rice3
1School of Education and Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. jwang@seis.ucla.edu.
Scientific reports
|November 6, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,在9至10岁的儿童中,一个特定的大脑区域 (左侧 IFG 操作部) 显示了语法专业化,支持其在语言理解过程中在语法处理中的作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 之前的研究已经讨论了语法和语义的神经分离性.
- 以前使用fMRI和MVPA对较小儿童 (5-8岁) 的研究发现了语义上的专业化,但不是语法上的专业化.
- 这种差距需要研究具有发达形态语法技能的老年儿童.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查年龄较大的儿童是否表现出专门用于语法处理的大脑区域.
- 在9至10岁儿童中确定语法与语义信息处理的神经相关性.
- 为了测试大脑中核心语法区域的假设.
主要方法:
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于测量大脑活动.
- 多声元模式分析 (MVPA) 用于分析大脑激活模式.
- 64名9至10岁的儿童参与了这项研究,他们接受了与之前的研究相同的实验设计.
主要成果:
- 左下额头 (IFG) 部部表现出对单独的语法信息的敏感性.
- 左上旋 (STG),左中旋 (MTG) 和 IFG pars triangularis 对语义和语法信息都很敏感.
- 在STG,MTG或IFG pars triangularis中没有发现不同的语法专业化.
结论:
- 这些发现支持假设,左侧的IFG pars opercularis是语法处理的核心区域.
- 结果表明,对语法有一个词典化的观点,其中语义敏感区域也在语法处理中发挥作用.
- 这表明,在发育中的大脑中,语法和语义处理可能无法完全分离.
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