空间与时间的替换夸大了城市鸟类息地生态关系
Harold N Eyster1,2,3,4, Kai M A Chan3,4, Morgan E Fletcher5
1Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
The Journal of animal ecology
|November 7, 2024
概括
北美城市的鸟类数量大幅下降. 虽然城市息地变化起着作用,但它们只能部分解释这些下降,强调需要规模特定的息地管理.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学 城市生态学
- 保护鸟类 保护鸟类
- 遥感应用 遥感应用
背景情况:
- 北美鸟类数量在50年内减少了29%,城市的减少影响了人类与鸟类的互动.
- 城市为鸟类友好的息地管理提供了机会,但它们在缓解更广泛的下降方面的有效性是不确定的.
- 之前的研究经常使用时空替代,这在快速变化的城市环境中可能不可靠.
研究的目的:
- 测试时空替换在解释城市鸟类数量变化的有效性,超过二十年.
- 评估当地陆地覆盖变化在多个空间尺度对城市鸟类丰富性的影响.
- 确定加拿大城市的陆地覆盖变化和鸟类种群动态之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在加拿大大不列颠哥伦比亚省大温哥华市 (1997年和2020年) 进行的纵向城市鸟类调查.
- 深度学习模型应用于用于陆地覆盖分类的遥感数据.
- 增强回归树和贝叶斯的多物种丰度模型用于确定最佳的空间尺度,并分析陆地覆盖-鸟类丰度关系.
主要成果:
- 在过去二十年中,研究区域的总鸟类数量下降了26%.
- 50米和最佳尺度的土地覆盖解释了鸟类繁多的空间变化.
- 只有最佳规模的陆地覆盖部分解释了鸟类繁多的时间变化.
结论:
- 空间与时间的替代可能会高估息地与鸟类关系的影响.
- 城市息地对鸟类丰富程度有部分影响,但其他因素也至关重要.
- 在适当的空间尺度上识别和测量息地对于了解和管理城市鸟类种群至关重要.
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