在高功能自闭症谱系障碍的学龄儿童中,社会情感干扰的低效和独特的处理
Qing-Xin Chen1, Qi Chen1,2, Kun Zhai1,3
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|November 7, 2024
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表现出效率低下的社会情绪干扰控制,特别是复杂的面部刺激. 他们可能会使用补偿策略,这些策略可能会被增加的信息负载所压倒.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 研究自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 儿童的社会信息处理对于理解复杂的认知挑战至关重要.
- 需要客观的行为措施来探索ASD的社会情绪干扰控制.
- 关于自闭症儿童如何处理相互矛盾的社会情感信息的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ASD儿童和典型发育 (TD) 儿童之间的社会情绪干扰控制.
- 在修改后的侧边任务中利用客观行为指标.
- 检查不同类型的社会和非社会刺激的表现.
主要方法:
- 53名ASD儿童和53名TD儿童 (6-12岁) 完成了修改后的侧边任务.
- 任务包括箭头,图形面孔,相同的真实面孔和不同的真实面孔.
- 结果指标包括响应时间 (RT) 和不一致和一致条件中的错误百分比,以及侧边效应 (ΔRT,Δ%错误).
主要成果:
- 患有自闭症的儿童在箭头,图形面孔和相同的真实面孔任务中表现出较长的RT比TD对照.
- 与箭头任务相比,这两组在同一个真实任务中都显示了较低的 ΔRT.
- 在不同实面任务中,ASD组的%错误率更高,其中%错误率与RT负相关.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的儿童表现出对社会情感干扰的处理效率低下.
- 自闭症组可能会采用补偿策略,比如对情感冲突进行象征.
- 研究结果表明,自闭症的认知差异,而不仅仅是困难,为有针对性的干预提供了信息.
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