非经典单细胞水平与与艾滋病毒相关的大脑小血管疾病和认知表现负相关
Meera V Singh1,2, Md Nasir Uddin1,3, Mae Covacevich Vidalle1
1Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
|November 7, 2024
概括
非古典单细胞 (NCMs) 与艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 和脑小血管疾病 (CSVD) 患者的认知能力下降有关. 增加的NCM可能表明神经炎症,并作为这些疾病的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 活在艾滋病毒 (PWH) 的老年人经常经历神经认知障碍 (NCI).
- 脑血管风险因素和单细胞通过血脑屏障 (BBB) 传播可能导致PWH中的NCI.
- 大脑小血管疾病 (CSVD) 是已知的血管认知障碍的原因之一.
研究的目的:
- 研究艾滋病毒状态,大脑小血管疾病 (CSVD) 和神经认知障碍 (NCI) 之间的关联.
- 评估单细胞子集和激活标记在艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 中NCI发展中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对108名接受cART治疗的PWH和111名未感染艾滋病毒的对照进行了横截面分析,对心血管风险进行了匹配.
- 进行了神经心理测试和脑MRI (CSVD的Fazekas得分).
- 使用流细胞计和ELISA分析循环单细胞子集,激活标记物 (例如sCD14,ICAM-1) 和骨质保护蛋白.
主要成果:
- 与CSVD的HIV未感染个体相比,CSVD的PWH表现出较低的认知得分和较高的非经典单细胞 (NCM),sCD14和ICAM-1水平.
- sCD14和ICAM-1水平是正相关的,表明相关的单细胞和内皮激活.
- 认知表现与NCM有负相关性,特别是在CSVD的PWH中. 在CSVD患者中,骨质保护素与认知有轻微的负相关性,无论艾滋病毒状况如何.
结论:
- 升高的NCMs可能会导致神经炎症,CSVD和老化PWH中的认知障碍.
- NCM可以作为一个潜在的生物标志物,用于伴随老化PWH的共同疾病.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究来证实NCM水平,CSVD进展和认知衰退之间的关系.
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