人工智能用于社会利益和企业对全球发展的捕捉
Gianluca Iazzolino1, Nicole Stremlau2,3
1Global Development Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
概括
利用人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 的AI for Social Good (AI4SG) 运动有可能推动大科技公司的发展.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 发展研究 发展研究 研究
背景情况:
- 为社会利益的人工智能 (AI4SG) 运动旨在应用人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 来实现联合国可持续发展目标 (UN SDGs).
- AI4SG位于信息和通信技术促进发展 (ICT4D) 的历史背景内,与第四次工业革命 (4IR) 框架保持一致.
- 4IR框架在国家和国际发展和工业政策中优先考虑人工智能和数字创新.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查AI4SG运动及其对发展政策和学术话语的影响.
- 分析大科技公司如何利用AI4SG来促进人工智能驱动的技术解决方案主义,并为租金提取创造机会.
- 探索AI4SG和4IR话语如何通过赋予大科技对政策和知识生产的影响来使发展脱政治化.
主要方法:
- 对AI4SG和4IR框架的批判性话语分析.
- 在ICT4D中的历史背景化.
- 考察大科技公司在数据化和政策影响方面的作用.
主要成果:
- 由大科技公司推动的AI4SG推进了人工智能驱动的技术解决方案主义,可能导致开发部门的租金提取.
- AI4SG和4IR是相互加强的话语,使大科技在重塑发展政策和认识基础设施方面的影响合法化.
- 大科技公司参与AI4SG的风险是通过调解公民 (数据) 和国家 (政策) 之间的关系来去政治化发展.
结论:
- 虽然AI4SG运动看似有益,但它通过促进技术解决主义和租金提取来服务于大科技的利益.
- AI4SG和4IR话语的融合集中了大科技的权威,可能会破坏发展中的民主治理.
- 迫切需要进行批判性参与,以解决大科技在全球发展议程中不断扩大作用的政治和认识论影响.
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