开发和验证基于深度学习的肺结核感染性预测通过胸部放射:回顾性研究
Wou Young Chung1, Jinsik Yoon2, Dukyong Yoon3,4,5
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
Journal of medical Internet research
|November 7, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 可以使用胸部X射线 (CXR) 快速评估肺结核 (PTB) 感染性,为传统测试提供更快的替代方案. 这种人工智能工具可以提高PTB查在临床环境中的效率.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 传染病诊断 传染病诊断 传染病诊断
背景情况:
- 肺结核 (PTB) 诊断受到涂抹和培养试验等漫长的传统方法的阻碍.
- 这些常规测试需要几个小时到几周的时间才能得到结果,这构成了全球卫生挑战.
- 快速准确的诊断工具对于有效的PTB管理和控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一个基于人工智能的系统,使用胸部放射 (CXR) 来快速评估PTB感染性.
- 为了比较人工智能模型的性能与传统的涂抹和培养测试的速度和准确性.
- 利用人工智能提高PTB查和诊断的效率.
主要方法:
- 利用DenseNet121架构与TransUNet进行肺部区域细分,并对4492名PTB患者的36,142张CXR图像进行裁剪.
- 采用可视化技术 (grad-CAM,LIME) 来解释AI模型的决策.
- 使用内部 (2022-2023) 和外部 (永分离医院) 数据集验证模型.
主要成果:
- 内部验证显示准确率为73.27%,ROC AUC为0.79和PR AUC为0.77.
- 外部验证实现了70.29%的准确性,0.77的ROC AUC和0.8的PR AUC.
- 人工智能模型的决策过程是使用可视化技术阐明的.
结论:
- 人工智能工具提供了一种快速而精确的方法,通过CXR来评估PTB传染性.
- 这种人工智能应用程序可以通过启用前液测试感染性评估,显著提高查效率.
- 在临床实践中,人工智能驱动的方法为传统诊断方法提供了一个有希望的替代方案.
关键词:
人工智能工具是AI工具.在CXR中,CXR是CXR.在PTBTB中,PTB是PTB.这就是为什么TBTBTBTB人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.没有症状的感染.胸部X射线扫描 胸部X射线扫描队列 队列 队列 队列具有成本效益,具有成本效益.文化测试 文化测试 文化测试深度学习是一种深度学习.诊断 诊断 诊断 诊断 诊断 诊断诊断工具 诊断工具 诊断工具传染性的感染性.管理的管理管理的管理.肺结核 - 肺结核涂抹的涂抹是什么意思涂抹检测测试验 涂抹检测试验治疗治疗治疗治疗治疗治疗结核病是一种肺结核病.更多相关视频
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