在巴雷特食道中自动化决策:开发和部署自然语言处理工具
Agathe Zecevic1,2, Laurence Jackson2, Xinyue Zhang3
1Gastroenterology Department, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
NPJ digital medicine
|November 7, 2024
概括
使用人工智能模型进行巴雷特食道 (BO) 监测的自动决策显著提高了准确性和效率. 自然语言处理 (NLP) 软件提高了BO管理中的临床精度和准则遵守.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 在癌前巴雷特食道 (BO) 中监测内镜的手动决策容易出现错误,导致资源效率低下和安全问题.
- 精确的BO长度和组织病理学等级的分类对于适当的监测时间和患者管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 对巴雷特食道监测的自动化决策工具.
- 微调来自变压器的双向编码器表示 (BERT) 模型,以对BO长度 (EndoBERT) 和病理学等级 (PathBERT) 进行分类.
主要方法:
- 精心调整的BERT模型 (EndoBERT和PathBERT) 在Guy和圣托马斯医院 (GSTT) 的4,831个内镜和4,581个病理学报告上.
- 在多个医院站点的测试集上验证了模型性能:GSTT,国王学院医院 (KCH) 和桑德威尔和西伯明翰医院 (SWB).
- 对1640份GSTT报告进行了回顾性分析,以将模型建议与内镜师的决定进行比较.
主要成果:
- 恩多伯特实现了很高的精度:0.95 (GSTT),0.86 (KCH) 和0.99 (SWB).
- 路径BERT显示的平均精度为0.93 (GSTT),0.91 (KCH) 和0.92 (SWB).
- 在GSTT回顾性分析中,内镜师的决定与模型建议之间发现了27%的差异.
结论:
- 基于NLP的软件,特别是微调的BERT模型,在多个机构的BO长度和等级分类方面表现出很高的表现.
- 自动化决策具有显著的潜力,可以提高巴雷特食道监测的精度,效率和准则遵守.
- 部署这些人工智能工具可以优化资源配置,提高BO管理中的患者安全.
相关概念视频
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