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对186个国家的传染病爆发的疫情准备和应对能力,2018-2022年
Paul Eze1, Judith Chidumebi Idemili2, Friday Onwubiko Nwoko3
1Department of Health Policy and Administration, Pennsylvania State University, 504A Donald H. Ford Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. peze@psu.edu.
BMC infectious diseases
|November 7, 2024
概括
全球卫生安全有所改善,因为各国从2018年至2022年加强了疫情防控和应对能力. 然而,特别是在全球南方,仍然存在重大差距,需要紧急优先考虑国际卫生法规 (IHR) 能力.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生安全 全球卫生安全
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 破坏性公共卫生事件,如传染病爆发,带来不可避免的风险.
- 投资于预防和准备工作对于减轻此类事件的影响至关重要.
- 评估国家卫生系统的能力对于全球卫生安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估186个国家的卫生系统的疫情准备和应对能力.
- 分析2018年至2022年这些能力的趋势.
- 确定全球卫生安全的优势和弱点.
主要方法:
- 使用了国际卫生条例 (IHR) 缔约国自我评估年度报告 (SPAR) 数据.
- 评估了五个关键的IHR能力领域:预防,检测,响应,支持资源/协调,以及作战准备.
- 使用曼-肯达尔非参数趋势测试,分析了随时间的产能变化.
主要成果:
- 到2022年,SPAR报告覆盖率增加到94.9%,达到94.9%.
- 在2018年至2022年期间,全球所有五个容量领域都显示出显著的改善.
- 在2022年,62-87%的国家在关键领域具有功能能力,世卫组织非洲区域报告最少的功能能力.
结论:
- 在全球范围内,疫情准备和应对的整体功能能力有所增加.
- 尽管有所改善,但许多国家,尤其是全球南方国家,仍然缺乏功能能力.
- 紧急优先考虑IHR能力对于实现对传染病的全球卫生安全至关重要.
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