全球眼病发病率和风险因素:前性研究的系统审查和元分析
Shiyi Shan1, Jing Wu1, Jin Cao1
1Centre for Clinical Big Data and Statistics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Journal of global health
|November 8, 2024
概括
全球眼病发病率因年龄和地区而异,较低社会经济水平地区的发病率更高. 关键的危险因素包括眼内压升高和家族病史,需要有针对性的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 玻璃眼是全球不可逆转的失明的主要原因.
- 了解青光眼亚型的全球发病率和风险因素对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计初级开角青光眼 (POAG) 和初级闭角青光眼 (PACG) 的全球发病率.
- 确定和评估与POAG发病率相关的关键风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在多个英语和中文数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 使用元回归和随机效应元分析,从前性研究中汇集数据.
- 风险因素的发病率,年度累积发病率 (ACI) 和几率比率 (OR) 已被计算出来.
主要成果:
- 在2022年,POAG的全球发病率估计为每10,000人年 (年龄在40-79岁) 的23.46人.
- 发病率随着年龄的增长而增加,在社会经济指数较低的地区和非洲是最高的.
- 确定的POAG风险因素包括眼内压 (IOP) 治疗 (OR=3.69),家族病史 (OR=2.49),近视 (OR=2.08),升高的IOP (OR=1.13),晚年 (OR=1.07),以及男性 (OR=0.76对于女性).
- 对POAG的汇总ACI为0.21%,对PACG的汇总ACI为0.05%. 这两者均为0.05%.
结论:
- 在各地理区域和各年龄组之间,眼病发病率存在显著差异.
- 需要进一步的研究,以阐明各种社会经济层面的风险因素,以制定定制的青光眼预防政策.
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