阿尔茨海默病衍生的外膜囊泡加剧认知功能障碍,调节肠道微生物群,增加神经炎症和粉样β生产
Shouchao Wei1,2, Xiaochen Ma1,2, Yating Chen3
1The Third Department of Neurology, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
Molecular neurobiology
|November 8, 2024
概括
阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 外膜囊泡 (OMVs) 加快了小鼠的认知衰退和神经炎症. 这些AD衍生的OMV破坏了肠道屏障,改变了肠道微生物群,并增加了粉样β病理.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默氏病 (AD) 的病因是复杂的,其中包括肠道微生物群失调.
- 外膜囊泡 (OMVs) 参与中枢神经系统疾病,但它们在AD进展中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查AD衍生的OMV (OMVsAD) 是否作为AD病理的风险因素.
- 在小鼠模型中评估OMVsAD对认知功能,肠道屏障,肠道微生物群和神经炎症的影响.
主要方法:
- 年轻的APP/PS1小鼠 (AD模型) 接受了OMVAD或对照OMV的测量.
- 使用莫里斯水迷宫和新的物体识别测试评估认知功能.
- 评估了肠道屏障完整性,肠道微生物群多样性 (16S rRNA测序),神经炎症标志物,质激活,粉样蛋白负担和短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 水平.
主要成果:
- 在AD小鼠中,OMVsAD的管理加速了认知功能障碍和空间学习和记忆障碍.
- OMVsAD破坏了肠道屏障,降低了紧结蛋白 (claudin-5,ZO-1) 的调节.
- OMVsAD激活了微质,升高了促炎媒介 (IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,NF-κB),增加了Aβ的产生,减少了肠道微生物的多样性,降低了SCFA水平.
结论:
- 阿尔茨海默氏症衍生的OMV是加剧阿尔茨海默氏症病理的一个危险因素.
- OMVs对肠道微生物群和肠道屏障产生负面影响,导致神经炎症并加速AD神经病理.
- 准OMV或肠道微生物群可能为阿尔茨海默病提供新的治疗策略.
更多相关视频
10:19Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Chronic Amyloid-beta Oligomer Infusion Is Counteracted by Antibody Treatment Infused with Osmotic Pumps
Published on: August 14, 2016
9.3K
09:33Quantitative 3D In Silico Modeling q3DISM of Cerebral Amyloid-beta Phagocytosis in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: December 26, 2016
7.9K
相关概念视频
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
448
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
448
Amyloid Fibrils
9.3K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
9.3K
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
165
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
165
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory
446
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
446
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
248
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
248
Dementia
97
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
97
