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对碳纤维增强塑料加工产生的微/纳米颗粒的职业暴露的评估
Jun Kumoi1, Akihiko Ikegami2, Yutaka Matsumi3
1Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
Annals of work exposures and health
|November 8, 2024
概括
碳纤维增强塑料 (CFRP) 的工业加工产生微/纳米粒子. 有效的局部排气通风显著减少了工人对这些危险的空气颗粒的暴露.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 职业健康和安全问题 职业健康和安全问题
- 环境监测 环境监测
背景情况:
- 碳纤维增强塑料 (CFRP) 提供优越的强度与重量比,但在加工过程中会产生纤维碎片和微/纳米粒子.
- 以前的分析表明,在CFRP制造过程中产生颗粒物,需要进一步调查职业暴露.
研究的目的:
- 评估工业CFRP加工过程中产生的颗粒的尺寸分布和特性.
- 通过使用新型可穿戴监测设备,评估工人对这些颗粒的职业暴露.
- 为了确定局部排气通风在减轻颗粒暴露方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用PM4数字尘埃监测器 (DDM),光学粒子计数器 (OPC),凝结粒子计数器 (CPC) 和扫描移动粒子测量器 (SMPS) 的实时粒子监测.
- 使用一种新的可穿戴PM2.5兼容设备 (P-传感器) 进行个人暴露评估.
- 在日本一家CFRP加工工厂进行的干预研究,涉及两个暴露评估调查.
主要成果:
- 在CFRP产生的尘埃中证实了微/纳米粒子,CPC和SMPS检测到更细颗粒.
- 可穿戴的P传感器展示了类似于纳米粒子兼容设备的检测模式,表明其对职业监控的实用性.
- 第二次调查中的颗粒物含量不到第一次调查的一半,这是由于排气系统的连续运行,大大减少了颗粒物散射.
结论:
- 与纳米粒子兼容的设备和可穿戴的P传感器对于测量来自CFRP加工的细颗粒非常有效.
- 局部废气通风系统的持续运行对于降低空气中的颗粒度和提高CFRP制造工作场所安全至关重要.
- 有效的通风策略可以大大降低工人在CFRP工业加工过程中对危险的微/纳米粒子的暴露.
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