在急诊室对阿片类药物使用障碍的布普伦诺芬管理中的差异
Samantha N Koerber1, David Huynh, Sydney Farrington
1From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (SK, JM); Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI (DH, SF); and Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI (KS).
Journal of addiction medicine
|November 8, 2024
概括
黑人患者在急诊室 (ED) 接受阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 的布普伦诺芬治疗的可能性较低,这表明在护理方面存在潜在的种族差异. 需要进一步的研究,以确保公平的OUD治疗.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 布普伦诺芬是一种有效的治疗阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD).
- 然而,它在急诊室 (ED) 的管理并不普遍.
- 患者的特征可能会影响布普伦诺芬治疗决策.
研究的目的:
- 调查患者的特征,特别是种族和民族是否与ED中布普伦诺芬的使用有关.
- 在紧急情况下识别OUD治疗中的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 在城市ED中对成年患者进行回顾性横截面研究,其阿片类药物滥用查结果为阳性.
- 用单变量和多变量逻辑回归来分析患者特征和布普伦诺芬管理之间的关联.
- 患者的特征包括种族,种族,年龄,性别,保险类型和区域贫困指数.
主要成果:
- 在接受查的1082名患者中,有133名 (12%) 接受了布普伦诺芬.
- 黑人患者,尽管占样本的一半以上,但接受布普伦诺芬的可能性低于白人患者 (OR,0.56;P = 0.023).
- 种族与布普伦诺芬的使用有显著的关联,而年龄,性别,保险,种族和地区贫困指数则没有.
结论:
- 患者的种族与ED中布普伦诺芬的使用有关,即使考虑到健康的社会决定因素.
- 这些发现表明,在OUD护理中存在种族差异.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以促进公平的布普伦诺芬管理.
相关概念视频
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
230
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
230
Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
1.9K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
1.9K
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
383
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
383
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
697
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
697
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview
5.7K
Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
5.7K
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
328
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
328


