和多基物质 (PFAS) 在环境中的命运,分布和运输动态
Md Shahin Alam1, Alireza Abbasi1, Gang Chen1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
和多基基物质 (PFAS) 是影响健康和环境的持久污染物. 本综述详细介绍了PFAS的命运和运输,这些命运和运输受到属性,环境因素和建模的影响,以指导缓解努力.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 和多基基物质 (PFAS) 是持久性有机污染物,具有显著的环境和健康影响.
- 它们的广泛存在,生物积累和抗退化能力需要对它们的环境行为有全面的了解.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查目前关于PFAS命运和运输机制的知识.
- 为了将PFAS的漏,保留和移动与其物理化学性质和环境因素相关联.
- 确定了解和完善PFAS运输的预测模型中的关键差距.
主要方法:
- 对各种环境组件 (不和区,地表水,沉积物,植物,大气) 中PFAS命运和运输的现有文献的审查.
- PFAS的物理化学特性 (例如,碳-键,两性质,链长度) 与它们的环境行为之间的相关性.
- 环境因素 (如空气-水界面,pH,离子强度,共污染物,微生物活动,微塑料) 对PFAS运输的影响分析.
- 评估用于预测PFAS保留和运输的数学模型 (例如,LTM,SRM).
主要成果:
- PFAS的环境行为是由它们独特的物理化学性质和与环境因素的相互作用决定的.
- 度依赖的亲和系数和空气-水接口动态对于预测PFAS混合物运输至关重要.
- PFAS链的长度显著影响波动性和流动性,较短的链具有更大的大气沉积潜力.
- 溶液化学,辅助污染物,微生物活动和微塑料对PFAS吸附和运输有着不同的影响.
结论:
- 需要精细的建模技术来准确考虑复杂的PFAS运输动态.
- 解决PFAS命运,分析方法,生态风险评估和情节性事件影响的知识差距至关重要.
- 对于有效的PFAS补救策略和监管框架,更好的理解和改进的模型是必不可少的.
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