老年人BCG疫苗接种对传染性和非传染性免疫媒介疾病的影响
Elisabeth A Dulfer1, Konstantin Föhse1, Esther J M Taks1
1Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
The Journal of infection
|November 8, 2024
概括
巴西卢·卡尔梅特-盖林 (BCG) 疫苗对老年人没有影响非菌根性感染或免疫媒介疾病. 然而,BCG疫苗接种与心律失常住院的风险增加有关,特别是在那些有先前疾病的人群中.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 老年医学 老年医学
背景情况:
- 卡尔梅特-盖林菌 (BCG) 疫苗以对非菌根感染和免疫媒介疾病的异质效应而闻名.
- 随机对照试验 (BCG-PRIME和BCG-CORONA-ELDERLY) 之前评估了BCG对老年人SARS-CoV-2感染的影响.
- 进行了一项为期一年的随访研究 (BCG-长期),以评估60岁以上的个人对BCG疫苗接种的长期影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估BCG疫苗接种对60岁以上个体感染性和免疫媒介疾病的整体影响.
- 为了确定BCG疫苗接种是否影响老年人各种疾病的发病率或严重程度.
- 在这个人群中调查与BCG疫苗接种相关的潜在不良事件.
主要方法:
- 对BCG-PRIME和BCG-CORONA-ELDERLY试验的参与者进行了一年后续调查.
- 收集的数据包括疫苗接种,住院,传染病发作和新的医学诊断.
- 用相对风险和Cox回归模型对BCG和安慰剂接种群体进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 60%的调查响应率,最终分析中有4238名参与者 (2317名BCG,1921名安慰剂).
- 在BCG和安慰剂组之间,传染病,心血管疾病或癌症发病率/严重程度没有显著差异.
- 在BCG组中,心律不整的住院率是BCG组的两倍 (1.6%对0.8%),主要是由于先前存在的疾病的恶化.
结论:
- 在老年人中,BCG疫苗接种对非菌根性传染病或免疫媒介疾病没有显著影响,通常是BCG素朴的荷兰人.
- 接种BCG疫苗可能会使先前存在的心律失常症恶化.
- 需要进一步的研究来调查BCG和心律失常之间的关联.
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