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心血管风险因素的流行病学:非行为风险因素

Valérie Olié¹, Amélie Gabet¹, Clémence Grave¹

¹Public Health France (Santé Publique France), 94415 Saint-Maurice cedex, France.

Archives of cardiovascular diseases

|November 8, 2024

概括

肥胖,糖尿病和高血压等心血管疾病的风险因素在法国很普遍,但意识低,管理不善. 加强预防和管理策略至关重要,特别是考虑到女性面临的独特风险.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生
心脏病学心脏病学

背景情况:

心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,在法国排名第二.
代谢性疾病 (高血压,高胆固醇血症,糖尿病,肥胖) 是动脉样硬化的主要可改变的风险因素.
法国有关这些风险因素的流行病学数据对于公共卫生战略至关重要.

研究的目的:

审查法国关于可修改心血管风险因素的最新国家流行病学数据.
评估代谢性疾病的流行,意识和趋势.
为了突出女性特定的心血管风险.

主要方法:

对年龄在18-74岁之间的成年人国家流行病学数据的分析.
关于肥胖,糖尿病,高血压和高胆固醇血症的流行率,意识和趋势的审查.
对性别特异性心血管风险因素的检查.

主要成果:

在2015年,成年人患病率:肥胖 (17.2%),糖尿病 (7.4%),高血压 (30.6%),LDL高胆固醇血症 (23.3%),CKD阶段3-5 (1.5%).
意识很低,范围从23% (糖尿病) 到45% (高血压).
肥胖和高血压的患病率保持稳定 (2006-2015年),但糖尿病的患病率显著增加. 代谢因素在男性中较高,但女性面临特定的风险 (妇产生理,怀孕障碍).

结论:

必须加强对代谢风险因素的预防,意识和管理,以减少法国的心血管疾病负担.
需要有针对性的策略,考虑到男性患病率更高,女性患病风险更高.
营养在预防这些危险因素方面起着至关重要的作用.

关键词:

糖尿病糖尿病糖尿病流行病学流行病学在高血压的高血压.低密度脂蛋白高胆固醇血症,低密度脂蛋白高胆固醇血症风险因素风险因素

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