罗莎病毒分子流行病学,进化和跨物种传播的全景
Minyi Zhang1, Shunchang Fan1, Minyi Liang1
1Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Veterinary research
|November 9, 2024
概括
新发现的罗莎病毒在中国南部的动物和鼠中被发现,在挪威老鼠中患病率很高. 这项研究揭示了罗莎病毒的进化和传播动态.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 罗莎病毒是一种新型的Picornaviridae家族成员,首次在野生动物中发现,后来在腹的儿童中发现.
- 关于罗莎病毒的地理分布,家族遗传关系,进化模式和传播途径,存在重大知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查罗莎病毒的地理分布,遗传关系,进化模式和传播.
- 确定新型宿主物种,并确定中国南部动物和鼠中的罗莎病毒的流行率.
主要方法:
- 在中国南部收集的5个物种中的434只动物和鼠的分析.
- 查便样本的聚合酶连锁反应 (PCR) 检测罗莎病毒.
- 整个基因组测序和贝叶斯系遗传学分析六个代表性rosavirus样本.
主要成果:
- 罗莎病毒在挪威老鼠 (Rattus norvegicus),丹尼祖米老鼠 (Rattus tanezumi) 和亚洲家鼠 (Suncus murinus) 中被检测到,其中两个是以前未经记录的宿主.
- 在采样动物中观察到总体罗莎病毒流行率为32.49% (141/434).
- 遗传学分析表明,新的序列聚集在罗莎病毒属内,基因型B序列是最接近的亲属.
- 罗莎病毒B中非同义词与同义词比率的升高表明选择压力放松,可能是由于病毒溢出事件造成的.
- 假设罗莎病毒属起源于1339年左右的挪威老鼠.
结论:
- 这项研究扩大了罗莎病毒在中国南部已知的宿主范围和地理分布.
- 这些发现为罗莎病毒属的进化历史和潜在起源提供了关键的见解.
- 新宿主的高患病率和鉴定凸显了持续薇病毒监测的必要性.
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