自治对慢性病患者的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Yanfang Huang1, Sijia Li1, Xiuli Lu1
1School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
概括
自主管理干预显著改善生活质量,自我效能,并减少慢性疾病患者的抑郁症. 然而,这些干预措施对焦虑症状没有显著影响.
科学领域:
- 健康科学 卫生科学 卫生科学
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 患者护理 患者护理
背景情况:
- 慢性疾病对全球健康造成重大负担,需要有效的患者管理策略.
- 自主管理干预对于改善慢性病患者的健康结果至关重要.
- 本研究研究了自我管理干预措施对患者关键指标的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估慢性疾病自我管理干预措施的有效性.
- 评估对生活质量 (QOL),自我效能,抑郁和焦虑的影响.
- 通过子组分析识别影响干预有效性的因素.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,EMBASE和Web of Science进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 来自34项涉及7603名患者的研究的数据使用元分析和子组分析进行了分析.
- 为主要结果计算了标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 自主管理干预显著改善了QOL (更高更好和更低更好) 和自我效能,并减少了抑郁症 (p < 0.001).
- 在焦虑症状方面没有观察到显著改善 (p = 0.18).
- 亚组分析表明,在老年人群 (年龄>60岁) 和更长的随访期 (>6个月) 中,较低-更好的QOL和自我有效性更有效.
结论:
- 自主管理干预措施优于常规护理,用于管理慢性疾病,提高患者的生活质量和自我有效性,同时减少抑郁症状.
- 干预措施没有显著影响焦虑水平.
- 这些干预措施使患者能够适应他们的病情并预防疾病的进展.
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