使用传统机器学习模型预测爱尔兰医院出院记录的患者早期再入院情况
Minh-Khoi Pham1,2, Tai Tan Mai1,2, Martin Crane1,2
1ADAPT Centre, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 9, 2024
概括
使用机器学习预测患者再入院,可以降低成本并改善结果. 这项研究确定了像癌症和COPD这样的关键诊断作为30天的重大再录取预测因素,提高了医疗保健风险管理.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健信息学 医疗保健信息学
- 临床风险管理临床风险管理
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 患者再接收在医疗保健中带来了重大挑战,影响了成本和患者的治疗结果.
- 准确预测再接收对于有效的风险管理和干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较传统和深度学习模型来预测患者再入院.
- 确定与30天再接收风险相关的关键临床和人口特征.
- 应用可解释的AI技术来实现模型的可解释性.
主要方法:
- 机器学习模型的评估使用多式联网电子放电记录.
- 解决数据不平衡和数据类型多样性以提高算法性能.
- 使用SHapley添加式解释 (SHAP) 来解释特征和诊断代码.
主要成果:
- 实现了接收器运行特征曲线 (AUROC) 下面面积的改善,从0.628到0.7.
- 确定癌症,COPD和社会因素是30天再入院的重要预测因素.
- 确定细菌载体状态由于低频率而造成的影响最小.
结论:
- 常规收集的医院数据可以有效地用于患者再接收预测.
- 传统的机器学习与可解释的人工智能相结合,提供了对再接收风险因素的见解.
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