妊娠糖尿病的细胞和分子病理生理学
Johnatan Torres-Torres1,2, Irma Eloisa Monroy-Muñoz1, Javier Perez-Duran1
1Department of Reproductive and Perinatal Health Research, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.
International journal of molecular sciences
|November 9, 2024
概括
妊娠期糖尿病 (GD) 通过复杂的细胞和分子途径扰乱了母亲和胎儿的健康,增加了两者的风险. 了解这些机制是开发有效治疗和改善治疗结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 细胞和分子医学 细胞和分子医学
背景情况:
- 妊娠期糖尿病 (GD) 是一种普遍存在的妊娠并发症,影响全球14%,对母亲和胎儿的健康构成重大风险.
- 风险因素包括肥胖,家族病史,晚年母亲年龄和种族,所有这些都与血糖调节受损和胰岛素抵抗有关.
- GD与母亲 (2型糖尿病,心血管疾病) 和后代 (肥胖,代谢障碍) 的短期和长期健康问题有关.
研究的目的:
- 阐明孕期糖尿病背后的复杂细胞和分子机制.
- 为开发GD有效的治疗和预防策略提供信息.
- 审查GD对母亲和胎儿健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过使用与GD细胞和分子病理生理学相关的MeSH术语进行了系统性审查.
- 纳入标准侧重于遵守PRISMA指南的原始研究,系统审查和元分析.
- 数据提取包括研究特征,母亲/胎儿结果和关键发现.
主要成果:
- GD破坏胰岛素信号传递,损害葡萄糖吸收,并导致胰岛素抵抗.
- 线粒体功能障碍,氧化应激,炎症和mTOR路径失调有助于GD病理生理学.
- 胎盘功能障碍,铁亡,肠道微生物群的改变和表观遗传变化起着重要的作用.
- 孕产妇高血糖和胎儿高胰岛素导致胎儿巨,而胎盘问题导致子宫内生长限制.
结论:
- 孕期糖尿病涉及多方面的细胞和分子干扰,包括胰岛素信号,线粒体功能,炎症和氧化应激.
- 有效的管理需要早期检测,预防措施和标准化的国际护理协议.
- 解决GD复杂的病理生理学对于改善母亲和婴儿健康结果至关重要.
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