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在干燥种植下种植大米-玉米间作物通过调节地下根生长改善土壤环境并增加总产量

Zhihai Wu^1,2, Bei Xue¹, Shiwen Wang¹

¹Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 9, 2024

概括

在中国东北部,干种米和玉米的交叉种植能提高总产量8.63%,改善土壤健康. 这种系统增强了根生长,土壤结构和营养吸收,为连续作物提供了可持续的替代品.

科学领域:

农业学是一种农业学.
土壤科学土壤科学
可持续农业可持续农业

背景情况:

在中国东北部,持续的耕作破坏了黑色土壤.
交叉作物在减轻其他作物系统的土壤退化方面显示出有希望.
干耕种米玉米交叉作物的可行性和对产量和土壤肥沃性的影响以前是未知的.

研究的目的:

评估中国东北地区干耕米-玉米杂交作物的可行性.
评估这种交叉作物系统对作物产量的影响.
为了确定对土壤肥力和结构的影响.

主要方法:

一个为期三年的实地实验,比较干耕米-玉米杂交 (IRM) 与单独米 (SR) 和单独玉米 (SM).
所有的作物残留物都返回了田野.
评估产量,土地等价比 (LER),侵略性 (A),相对拥挤系数 (K),时间区域等价比 (ATER),竞争比 (CR),根长密度 (RLD),土壤多孔性 (SP),平均重量直径 (MWD),几何平均直径 (GMD),土壤散装密度 (SBD),土壤有机物含量 (SOM) 和营养积累.

主要成果:

与单一栽培相比,米和玉米的杂作实现了1.05的LER,总产量增加了8.63%.
间作物显著提高了玉米的根长度密度 (RLD),在地表土壤中增加了33.94-102.84%.
土壤特性得到改善,包括增加的SP (5.58-10.10%),MWD (3.00-15.69%),GMD (8.16-26.42%) 和SOM (0.60-4.35%),以及减少的SBD (4.02-7.35%).

结论:

干式栽培的米-玉米杂作是中国东北部的一个可行的系统.
该系统促进了地下根部的发展,从而改善了土壤的物理性质和营养素的可用性.
改善土壤条件和营养积累有助于提高整体作物产量.

关键词:

交叉作物交叉作物交叉作物玉米玉米玉米是一种在干燥种植下种植大米.土壤肥沃度土壤肥沃度收益率收益率收益率收益率

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