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栗子 (Castanea sativa) 的区域变异性耐受性对病的耐受性

Marin Ježić¹, Lucija Nuskern¹, Karla Peranić¹

¹Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 9a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 9, 2024

概括

栗子病,是由Cryphonectria parasitica引起的,影响甜蜜的栗子树. 该研究发现,Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) 感染和栗子茎起源显著影响病变大小,无CHV1菌株导致较大的病变.

科学领域:

植物病理学植物病理学
菌类学菌类学是指菌类学.
森林科学森林科学森林科学

背景情况:

寄生虫Cryphonectria parasitica在20世纪引入欧洲,在甜栗 (Castanea sativa) 上引起致命的树皮癌.
克里福尼克特里亚低病毒1 (CHV1) 减弱了C.寄生虫的毒性,在与耐受性栗子种类结合时减轻了疾病的影响.
北美本土的栗子 (Castanea dentata) 由于这种病变而在功能上灭绝了.

研究的目的:

调查C.寄生虫种群的时间变化.
为了评估栗子对虫害耐受性的区域变异性.
分析CHV1感染和宿主基因对疾病严重性的影响.

主要方法:

监测C.寄生虫种群中的植物相容性 (vc) 类型多样性和低病毒流行率.
识别和描述新的VC类型.
在来自不同种群的栗子茎上注射C. parasitica菌株 (无CHV1和CHV1感染),以测量病变大小.

主要成果:

低病毒发病率与以前的研究相似,但在布耶人群中没有.
常见的vc类型是EU-1,EU-2和EU-12,发现了一种新的类型,EU-46.
损伤大小受到CHV1感染状态 (无CHV1菌株导致较大的病变),个体栗子茎基因型和栗子茎原产地种群的显著影响.

结论:

栗子耐受性的区域变化以及CHV1的存在/不存在是控制栗子病的关键因素.
这项研究强调了真菌病原体,病毒和宿主树之间的复杂相互作用,以确定疾病的结果.
对宿主耐药机制和病毒宿主动态的进一步研究是有效的保护策略的必要条件.

关键词:

疾病控制疾病控制森林生态系统的森林生态系统植物病原菌的真菌.

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