城市景观中的蝙蝠微:蝙蝠,和蝙蝠之间的传染故事
Román Espinal-Palomino1, Ana Celia Montes de Oca-Aguilar2, Martha Pilar Ibarra-López3
1Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Unidad Mérida. Carretera Antigua a Progreso Km. 6, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
International journal for parasitology
|November 9, 2024
概括
这项研究记录了城市蝙蝠中的Litomosoides,发现森林地区的寄生虫患病率更高. 城市化影响了通过外寄生虫和景观特征传播的Litomosoides.
科学领域:
- 兽医寄生虫学 兽医寄生虫学
- 城市生态城市生态学
- 分子遗传学分子遗传学
背景情况:
- 石虫 filarial 线虫感染各种脊椎动物,对蝙蝠感染的研究有限.
- 微细菌研究往往侧重于形态学,忽视了人类改变的景观中的生态因素.
- 这是第一次在城市环境中记录了蝙蝠中Litomosoides的存在.
研究的目的:
- 调查城市化对同类蝙蝠 (Artibeus jamaicensis) 中Litomosoides流行的影响.
- 在城市景观中探索Litomosoides,蝙蝠及其外寄生虫之间的相互作用.
- 为了确定蝙蝠感染的Litomosoides与已知的物种的遗传关系.
主要方法:
- 从Artibeus jamaicensis.沿着城乡梯度收集的血液样本.
- 通过直接观察血液涂抹和PCR检测寄生虫的检测.
- 使用线粒体细胞染色体c氧化酶子单元1 (COX1) 基因进行了基因基因分析.
- 在外寄生虫 (Periglischrus iheringi和Trichobius intermedius) 中检测litomosoides DNA.
主要成果:
- 在A. jamaicensis,P. iheringi和T. intermedius中检测到的litomosoides DNA,具有较低的遗传距离 (0.002).
- 遗传学分析表明,它与Litomosoides chandleri有着密切的关系,可能表明是一种新物种.
- 在森林地区 (28.6%) 与城市地区 (21.2%) 观察到的Litomosoides患病率最高.
- 在城市地区,患病率各不相同 (3.8%21.2%),在人口密集的地区达到顶峰.
结论:
- 城市化通过外寄生虫负载,宿主丰富性和不透水表面 (NDBI) 影响了A. jamaicensis中Litomosoides的流行.
- 这些发现强调了生态因素在城市生态系统中的寄生虫传播中的复杂相互作用.
- 这项研究有助于理解同类蝙蝠和城市环境中的 filarial 线虫生态.
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