确定美国医疗保健系统中重要的和可行的初级保健结构和流程:修改后的Delphi研究
Stephanie L Albert1, Lorraine Kwok2, Donna R Shelley3
1Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA stephanie.albert@nyulangone.org.
初级保健实践应实施不同的慢性疾病管理和预防保健策略. 关键的高影响因素包括动机面试和慢性疾病的面试管理,以及对查的数据驱动协议.
科学领域:
- 主要护理是指初级护理.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 提高质量 提高质量
背景情况:
- 在初级保健机构中,有效的慢性疾病管理和预防性护理至关重要.
- 识别具有影响力和可行的结构和流程对于优化患者治疗结果至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏关于推动成功的具体因素的共识.
研究的目的:
- 确定对慢性疾病管理产生最大影响的初级保健结构和流程.
- 确定对查和预防结果影响最大的结构和流程.
- 评估在实践中实施这些识别的结构和流程的可行性.
主要方法:
- 一项为期两轮的德尔菲研究,涉及29名美国初级保健提供者,卫生系统领导者和研究人员.
- 在258个初级保健结构和流程的影响和实施可行性方面达成了共识.
- 结果分别分析了慢性疾病管理和查/预防.
主要成果:
- 慢性疾病管理的高影响和可行性包括激励面试,指定的面试管理人员,多语言人员和综合心理健康提供者.
- 查和预防的高影响和可行性包括常规协议,差距识别报告,小组管理,绩效目标设定,反利用,质量改进活动和访问前规划.
- 只有"指定人员管理患者小组"是两个高影响力清单的共同点.
结论:
- 初级保健实践需要不同的结构和流程来优化慢性疾病管理和预防性护理.
- 建议专注于独特的,而不是共同的元素,以最大限度地发挥影响.
- 在选择战略时,实施可行性应该是关键考虑因素.
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