针对老年人的COVID-19疫苗接种计划的全球格局:一项描述性研究
Wen Zheng1, Jiayi Dong1, Zhiyuan Chen1
1Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
The lancet. Healthy longevity
|November 10, 2024
概括
在全球范围内,老年人接种COVID-19疫苗的覆盖率不均,这突显了疫苗公平方面的差异. 持续监测和数据驱动的政策对于在这个脆弱人群中有效的全球疫苗接种战略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 为了尽量减少老年人 (60岁以上) 严重的COVID-19病例和死亡,需要更新疫苗接种策略.
- 在这个高风险群体中,监测疫苗接种政策,覆盖率和疫苗需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为老年人提供COVID-19疫苗接种计划的全面全球概况.
- 评估全球老年人群的疫苗政策,覆盖率和疫苗需求.
主要方法:
- 利用公开可用的关于COVID-19疫苗,时间表,年龄组和国家一级覆盖率的数据 (更新于2024年7月20日).
- 从官方政府和卫生部门来源,机构资源 (例如,ECDC,非洲疾病预防控制中心,COVAX) 和交叉验证的媒体报道中提取了疫苗接种政策数据.
- 估计的覆盖率差距与世卫组织的目标相比:100%的初级系列+1个强化学剂,以及80%的额外强化学剂或2023-24系列的覆盖率.
主要成果:
- 192个国家报告了老年人使用疫苗;使用了71种疫苗产品,其中79个国家部署了特定变种疫苗.
- 122个国家提供了第二个助推器,而96个国家优先考虑老年人. 中位覆盖率:初级系列81%,第一增剂53%,第二增剂44.3%,2023-24系列23.6%.
- 存在显著的区域差异. 与老年人相比,在60-70岁的年龄组中,第二次助推剂和2023-24系列的覆盖率较低.
结论:
- 全球老年人COVID-19疫苗接种进展不均,这表明在实现疫苗公平方面存在持续的挑战.
- 强大且及时的疫苗接种监测系统对于制定数据驱动的政策来加强全球COVID-19疫苗接种活动至关重要.
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