数字病理学的分布外检测:基础模型是否会结束基于重建的方法?
Milda Pocevičiūtė1, Yifan Ding2, Ruben Bromée2
1Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Campus Norrköping, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden; Center for Medical Imaging and Visualization, Linköping University, University Hospital, Linkoping, SE-581 85, Sweden.
Computers in biology and medicine
|November 10, 2024
概括
这项研究评估了人工智能用于数字病理学中的分布外 (OOD) 检测. 虽然AnoLDM表现有前途,但基础模型在标准数据上表现出色,但两者都在与分布转移作斗争,强调需要改进泛化.
科学领域:
- 数字病理学数字病理学
- 计算病理学计算病理学
- 人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.
背景情况:
- 计算病理学的AI受限于分布外 (OOD) 数据的性能差.
- 当前的人工智能模型经常为OOD数据提供自信但不正确的预测.
- 有效的OOD检测对于AI在病理学中的可靠临床部署至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估计算机病理学中最先进的 (SOTA) OOD检测方法.
- 为OOD检测 (AnoLDM) 调整潜在扩散模型 (LDM),并将其与基于基础模型的方法进行比较.
- 评估在不同数据分布转移的分布内和OOD数据集上的性能.
主要方法:
- 为OOD检测适应隐性扩散模型 (LDM),称为AnoLDM.
- 将AnoLDM与使用基础模型潜伏空间 (例如,kang_residual) 的SOTA后期方法进行比较.
- 跨多个数据集的评估,包括具有显著数据分布转移的数据集.
主要成果:
- 在计算病理学中,AnoLDM的性能与以前的扩散模型方法相比或更好,计算成本更低.
- 基于基础模型的kang_residual方法在没有共变量转移的数据上实现了比AnoLDM (91.86) 高的AUROC (96.17).
- 在处理调查的数据分布转移方面,AnoLDM表现出更大的稳定性,尽管这两种方法都经历了性能下降.
结论:
- 在数字病理学中,AnoLDM为OOD检测提供了基于扩散模型的高效解决方案.
- 基于Foundation模型的方法在标准的OOD数据上显示出优异的性能,但对分布转移敏感.
- 未来的研究必须专注于提高OOD检测方法的概括能力,以实现强大的计算病理学应用.
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