早期小学年龄的多元预防性干预:对学术和社会调整结果的研究
Ronald J Prinz1, Emilie P Smith2, Brianna Tennie3
1Research Center for Child Well-Being, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. prinz@mailbox.sc.edu.
概括
一项多种背景的预防性干预措施改善了那些有行为问题风险的年轻男孩的学业成绩. 该计划整合了阅读指导,家庭支持和课堂策略,在语言艺术和男孩阅读方面取得了重大进展.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 干预科学 干预科学
背景情况:
- 幼儿早期的行为问题需要针对多种环境影响的干预措施.
- 在经济上处于不利地位的社区对预防计划提出了独特的挑战.
- 多语境的方法对于解决复杂的行为和学术需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估多背景预防干预 (MPI) 对儿童早期行为问题风险的有效性.
- 评估MPI对三年级学生学业成绩和社会/行为调整的影响.
- 单独研究经济不利环境中男孩和女孩的干预效应.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机设计,涉及12所学校,孩子们位于MPI或对照组内.
- 该MPI包括课后阅读指导,家庭家庭支持,同行应对技巧和课堂组件.
- 测量结果包括学业成绩 (成绩单) 和社会/行为调整 (教师/家长报告) 在三年级.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,MPI显著改善了男性子样本的整体和语言艺术/阅读成就.
- 在MPI控制中,没有发现任何性别对外化问题或社会能力的显著差异.
- 在所有MPI组件中证实了实现的高保真性.
结论:
- 多种背景的预防性干预措施在增强弱势环境中面临风险的男孩的学业成绩方面表现出有效性.
- 基于社区的阅读导师,积极的教室和支持性的家庭环境对于学业成功至关重要.
- 针对多个领域的有针对性的干预措施对于面临高风险和贫困的儿童来说很重要.
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