挑战传统智慧:重新评估Smpd3在细胞外囊泡生物发生中的作用
Marlies Burgelman1,2, Pieter Dujardin1,2, Anthony Willems1,2
1VIB Center for Inflammation Research Ghent Belgium.
Journal of extracellular biology
|November 11, 2024
概括
一般来说,基胺二酶3 (Smpd3) 不是细胞外囊泡 (EV) 释放的必需成分. 然而,Smpd3可能在EV生物发生中发挥细胞特异性的作用,特别是在巨细胞中.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在生理和病理上下文中对细胞间通信至关重要.
- 目前用于研究体外EV生物发生的方法通常依赖于药理抑制剂,这可能导致目标外的效应,并掩盖细胞特异性生产机制.
- 了解控制EV生物发生的精确分子机制对于破译它们在健康和疾病中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查斯芬戈米林二酶3 (Smpd3),也称为中性斯芬戈米林酶2 (nSMase2) 在细胞外囊泡 (EV) 生物发生和释放中的作用.
- 通过在转基因小鼠模型中利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑来克服药理抑制剂的局限性.
- 探索Smpd3在EV生产中的细胞类型特定参与.
主要方法:
- 使用CRISPR/Cas9技术生成异构体全身和有条件Smpd3淘汰赛 (KO) 转基因小鼠.
- 在Smpd3缺陷模型中对EV释放的体外和体内评估.
- 在骨髓衍生的巨细胞 (BMDMs) 中删除Alix基因,以评估其对EV释放的影响.
主要成果:
- 缺少Smpd3并没有显著影响整体EV释放,这挑战了它在外体生物生成中所谓的一般作用.
- 这些发现表明,Smpd3在EV生物发生中的功能可能是细胞类型特异性的,而不是普遍的.
- 在BMDM中删除Alix导致了EV释放的显著减少,突出显示了Alix在巨细胞EV生产中的重要性.
结论:
- 斯芬戈米林二酶3 (Smpd3) 不是细胞外囊泡释放的普遍调节者.
- 这项研究强调了Smpd3在EV生物发生中的潜在细胞特异性作用,需要进一步研究.
- 这些发现有助于更深入地了解控制电动汽车生产和细胞间通信的复杂机制.
关键词:
一个ALG-2相互作用蛋白X.阿里克斯·阿里克斯 (Alix) 是一个这就是Smpd3d的意思.细胞外囊泡中的细胞外囊泡.nSMase2 的使用情况.中性基胺酶2 中性基胺酶2 中性基胺酶2 中性基胺酶2 中性基胺酶基氨酸化酶3的作用是什么更多相关视频
09:34Preparation of Plasma Membrane Vesicles from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Potential Cytoplasm Replacement Therapy
Published on: May 18, 2017
7.6K
06:58Evaluation of LC3-II Release via Extracellular Vesicles in Relation to the Accumulation of Intracellular LC3-positive Vesicles
Published on: October 18, 2024
581
相关概念视频
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
3.4K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.4K
ER Retrieval Pathway
3.8K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
3.8K
Overview of Secretory Vesicles
8.4K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
8.4K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
2.0K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
2.0K
