超越人文主义:讲述关于人类与聊天机器人关系中显著的异性的响应故事
Michael Holohan1,2, Ruth Müller2,3
1Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Frontiers in psychology
|November 11, 2024
概括
人工智能聊天机器人提供陪伴,但"伊丽莎效应"可能导致误解. 女权主义科学和技术研究为了解人类-人工智能关系提供了新的途径,可能会揭示诸如治疗等益处.
科学领域:
- 科学和技术研究 (STS)
- 人与计算机的交互 (HCI)
- 数字人文学科 数字人文学科
背景情况:
- 支持人工智能的聊天机器人越来越多地被用作虚拟伴侣和治疗师,利用"伊丽莎效应",用户将类似人类的品质归因于它们.
- 对伊丽莎效应的传统解释通常将用户参与视为错觉,错误或欺骗,忽视了潜在的好处.
- 女权主义的STS奖学金为分析人类与非人类关系提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 探索理解反动的人文主义叙述之外的人-聊天机器人关系的替代框架.
- 分析人类与聊天机器人的互动中快乐,游戏和治愈的潜力.
- 倡导关于人工智能伴侣的研究和心理健康实践中的新方法.
主要方法:
- 分析了两个案例研究:Joseph Weizenbaum对ELIZA聊天机器人的拒绝和Julie与她的聊天机器人Navi从"Bot Love"播客中的经验.
- 应用女权主义的科学和技术研究 (STS) 概念来检查用户与AI聊天机器人的接触.
- 批判性地检查人文主义观点在理解人类-人工智能关系动态方面的局限性.
主要成果:
- 韦森姆对ELIZA的拒绝说明了一个人文主义叙事,它未能承认人类-AI互动的复杂性.
- 朱莉和纳维的故事,如在"机器人爱情"中所述,表明了通过聊天机器人的参与来获得积极的情感体验和支持的可能性.
- 反动的人文主义叙述不足以理解人类-聊天机器人关系所带来的潜在好处,包括治疗性好处.
结论:
- 需要新的理论和实践方法来理解和与人工智能聊天机器人接触,超越欺骗或错误的简单概念.
- 女权主义STS提供了关于非人类他人在人类关系中的作用和意义的宝贵见解.
- 人工智能聊天机器人的治疗潜力和积极的关系体验需要在心理健康背景下进行进一步的研究和考虑.
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