阿文胺通过调节HepG2细胞中的葡萄糖生成和糖原合成来改善胰岛素抵抗
Seonghwa Hong1, Huijin Heo1, Hyun-Joo Kim2
1Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
Journal of medicinal food
|November 11, 2024
概括
麦中的化合物阿文胺 (AVNs) 通过激活关键信号通路并增强肝细胞中葡萄糖的吸收,改善葡萄糖代谢并对抗胰岛素抵抗.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 代谢研究研究 代谢研究
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 糖尿病 (DM) 具有高血糖的特征,而2型DM具有胰岛素抵抗 (IR).
- 阿文胺 (AVN),来自*Avena sativa* (麦) 的类化物,以抗炎症,抗癌和心血管益处而闻名.
- AVN对肝脏葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗路径的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究AVN对HepG2肝细胞中自由脂肪酸 (FFA) 诱导的胰岛素抵抗的影响.
- 阐明AVN调节葡萄糖代谢的潜在分子机制.
主要方法:
- 用FFA治疗HepG2细胞以诱导胰岛素抵抗.
- 评估了AVN A,B和C对葡萄糖消耗,葡萄糖载体4 (GLUT4) 表达和糖原含量的影响.
- 通过酸化和表达水平分析了关键信号通路蛋白质 (IRS-1,PI3K,Akt,AMPK,FOXO1) 和葡萄糖原酶 (PEPCK,G6Pase).
主要成果:
- FFA治疗显著降低了葡萄糖消耗,而AVN治疗显著增加了葡萄糖消耗,主要是通过增强GLUT4表达.
- AVNs显著增加了肝脏的糖原含量.
- AVN促进了IRS-1/PI3K/Akt通路的酸化,激活了AMP激活蛋白激酶 (AMPK),抑制了分叉盒蛋白O1 (FOXO1),并降低了PEPCK和G6Pase水平.
结论:
- 阿文胺有效地减轻HepG2细胞中FFA诱导的胰岛素抵抗.
- 通过激活IRS-1/PI3K/Akt通路,AVN调节肝脏葡萄糖代谢,促进糖原合成.
- 此外,AVN还通过AMPK激活和FOXO1抑制来抑制葡萄糖生成,这表明控制葡萄糖平衡的治疗潜力.
相关概念视频
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
300
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
300
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.1K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.1K
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
172
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
172
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.1K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.1K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
159
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
159


