难民和寻求庇护者的抗生素耐药性:全球系统性审查和元分析
Elizabeth D Hermsen1, James Amos2, Andy Townsend2
1Pfizer, New York, NY, USA.
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
|November 11, 2024
概括
难民和寻求庇护者面临的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 感染和携带的风险明显更高. 这项研究强调,迫切需要改善全球监测和改善这些弱势群体获得医疗保健的机会.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是一个日益增长的全球威胁,冲突和流离失所加剧了这一威胁.
- 关于难民和寻求庇护者中的抗药性耐药性流行率和风险因素的数据有限.
- 与东道社区相比,在流离失所的人群中了解抗菌耐药性风险尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 探索和评估难民和寻求庇护者的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 全球数据.
- 为了比较难民和寻求庇护者的抗药性耐药性流行和携带与东道国人群的情况.
- 确定导致流离失所个体抗菌药物耐药性风险增加的因素.
主要方法:
- 从2015年1月1日到2023年10月23日对奥维德 (MEDLINE,Embase) 和PubMed的系统文献搜索.
- 包括同行评审的初级研究文章,报告在难民或寻求庇护者身上实验室确认的耐药生物.
- 对41项涉及16970名难民和寻求庇护者的研究进行了元分析,并与东道国人口进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 耐多种药物格拉姆阴性细菌,耐甲西林黄金葡萄球菌和扩展光谱β-乳糖酶生成的格拉姆阴性细菌是常见的AMR表型.
- 难民和寻求庇护者显示AMR携带或感染的可能性明显更高 (OR2.88,95%CI2.61-3.18).
- 特定抗菌素耐药性表型的患病率差异很大,其中一些在难民人口中超过60%.
结论:
- 难民和寻求庇护者面临抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 携带和感染的风险较高.
- 诸如过度拥挤的生活条件和医疗保健接入障碍等因素可能会导致AMR风险增加.
- 加强全球监测,改善感染预防和控制以及量身定制的医疗保健战略对于高风险人群至关重要.
更多相关视频
06:54Author Spotlight: Understanding and Detecting Environmental Antimicrobial Resistance by Combining Culture-Based Techniques and Genomics
Published on: July 19, 2024
961
12:08Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing by Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Deuterium Incorporation in a Single Bacterium
Published on: February 14, 2022
2.6K
相关概念视频
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness
2
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
2
Antibiotic Selection
52.3K
Overview
52.3K
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents
109
Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
109
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
11.4K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
11.4K
