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在不同降雨条件下的城市水库中大断水泛滥的特征
Juan Wang1, Jinpeng Feng1, Benbo Sun2
1School of Water Resources and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Scientific reports
|November 11, 2024
概括
在极端降雨期间城市水库的溢出是一个越来越大的威胁. 这项研究表明,较早的降雨峰会加速水失效,而较晚的持续时间较长的峰会会增加洪水量和城市淹水的严重程度.
科学领域:
- 水文与水资源工程 水文与水资源工程
- 城市洪水风险管理 城市洪水风险管理
- 极端天气事件分析
背景情况:
- 水库对于防洪至关重要,但由于频繁的极端降雨事件,城市水库面临越来越大的风险.
- 水库溢出和水故障对下游的生命和财产构成重大威胁.
- 在不同降雨条件下对城市水库洪水反应的描述对于危险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了建立极端降雨特征和城市水库淹水过程之间的反应关系.
- 在不同的降雨和水故障场景下分析洪水演变.
- 为城市洪水危险评估提供液压洞察力.
主要方法:
- 利用了2021年7月20日州暴雨事件的观测数据,专注于江水库.
- 使用长期暴雨公式和芝加哥雨模式方法设计各种降雨场景的风暴洪水过程.
- 进行了"仅雨量"",仅水故障"和"水故障与降雨相结合"条件的洪水演变模拟.
主要成果:
- 较早的降雨峰值与更快的水库大故障率相关.
- 降雨持续时间和复发周期的增加,以及较晚的峰值,导致洪水量增加和城市洪水更严重.
- 水故障与降雨情景相结合,导致水灾范围远远大于单独的水故障.
结论:
- 降雨时间,持续时间和复发期极大地影响城市水库的洪水反应和洪水严重程度.
- 损坏和降雨的相互作用与隔离损坏相比,显著放大了洪水的影响.
- 调查结果支持改善城市洪水风险和危险评估的液压元件数据.
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