骨和蝙蝠的耳前神经元
Scott C Pedersen1, Chelsie C G Snipes2, Richard T Carter3
1Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA.
Journal of morphology
|November 12, 2024
概括
,蝙蝠外耳的一部分,显示出不同的区域和肌肉附件. 肌肉的起源和插入在Rhinolophidae和Hipposideridae蝙蝠中发生了变化,这表明它们适应了快速耳朵运动.
科学领域:
- 哺乳动物解剖学 哺乳动物解剖学
- 比较形态学的比较形态学
- 蝙蝠的进化 蝙蝠的进化
背景情况:
- 欧特里亚哺乳动物的外耳包括环状,耳状 (pinna) 和状软骨.
- 蝙蝠骨有两个区域:一个形和一个形部分,在各个种类中都有变化.
- 耳部肌肉的起源,插入和功能是复杂的,特别是在蝙蝠中.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究蝙蝠骨的结构及其相关的耳膜肌肉.
- 为了比较Yakochiroptera和Rhinolophidae/Hipposideridae蝙蝠之间的肌肉附着模式.
- 提出一个功能解释观察到的转移在耳部肌肉附件.
主要方法:
- 对各种蝙蝠物种外耳结构的详细解剖检查.
- 计数30个耳部肌肉的主要附着部位.
- 在不同蝙蝠亚级之间对肌肉起源和插入的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 蝙蝠囊包括一个和一个头部分,具有显著的物种间变异.
- 在Rhinolophidae和Hipposideridae中,许多耳膜肌肉附着在耳膜前的耳膜板上,而不是上.
- 这种转变与在 Yangochiroptera 中观察到的模式形成鲜明对比.
结论:
- 在Rhinolophidae和Hipposideridae的耳部肌肉附着部位的转移是一种衍生性质.
- 这种适应可能与高功率循环回声定位蝙蝠的专业化,快速的皮纳运动有关.
- 了解这些解剖变化,可以了解蝙蝠听力和回声定位的功能适应.
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