在特拉华州与玉米幼苗相关的Pythium物种的表征
John T Bickel1, Madeline G Henrickson1, Alyssa K Betts1
1Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Georgetown, DE 19947, U.S.A.
Plant disease
|November 12, 2024
概括
这项研究在特拉华州玉米中发现了14种Pythium物种,其中Pythium graminicola占主导地位. 杀菌剂的敏感性各不相同,温度影响了对这些重要的玉米病原体的有效性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
背景情况:
- 玉米 (Zea mays L.) 是特拉华州的主要粮食作物.
- 玉米中缓冲的增加与Pythium物种有关.
- 之前没有研究在特拉华州特征Pythium多样性.
研究的目的:
- 为了描述特拉华州玉米中的Pythium物种多样性.
- 评估Pyhium物种对常见杀菌剂的敏感性.
- 为了评估温度对杀菌剂有效性的影响.
- 为了确定不同Pyhium物种对玉米的攻击性.
主要方法:
- 从特拉华州的33个田地 (2019-2020年) 收集了有症状的玉米苗.
- 从受感染的根源中获得了Pythium分离物,并使用分子测序识别.
- 针对某些物种,确定了对美芬,乙博和皮卡布特拉佐克斯的真菌杀菌剂敏感性 (EC50).
- 在不同温度 (18,21,25°C) 上测试了杀菌剂的有效性.
- 在温室试验中评估了九种物种的侵略性.
主要成果:
- 确定了14种Pythium物种,其中Pythium graminicola是最常见的 (66%的分离物种).
- 所有测试的物种对梅芬和皮卡布特拉佐克斯都敏感;P. torulosum对乙氧有耐药性.
- 温度的升高降低了埃萨博克萨姆,皮卡布特拉佐克斯和梅菲诺克萨姆的疗效.
- 皮修亚 (Pythium arrhenomanes),P. attrantheridium,P. spinosum和P. sylvaticum导致了最显著的根部减肥.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个描述Pyhium在特拉华州玉米的物种多样性.
- 杀菌剂的有效性是特定于物种和温度的,影响管理策略.
- 某些Pyhium物种对玉米根健康和产量潜力构成更大的威胁.
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