尼日利亚西南部社区成年人心血管疾病风险感知:混合方法研究
Oluwagbohunmi A Awosoga1, Olufemi O Oyewole2,3, Opeyemi M Adegoke4
1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
尼日利亚农村居民,特别是受教育程度较低的人,对心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险感知较低. 改善公共卫生教育对于尼日利亚西南部更好的心血管疾病预防和管理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是一个重大的全球健康挑战,尼日利亚的患病率高达76.11%.
- 个人对心血管疾病的风险感知是影响生活方式修改的关键因素,对疾病预防和管理至关重要.
- 了解心血管疾病风险感知及其决定因素对于尼日利亚有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估尼日利亚西南部个人对心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的看法.
- 确定影响农村和城市人口中心血管疾病风险感知的社会人口学因素.
- 通过提高风险意识,为加强心血管疾病预防和管理的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 采用了融合的并行混合方法设计,整合了定量和定性数据收集.
- 关于心脏病风险感知的定量数据是使用心脏病风险感知量表从1493名参与者收集的.
- 通过对53名参与者的焦点小组讨论 (FGD) 的专题分析,获得了定性见解.
主要成果:
- 很大一部分 (28%) 的参与者表现出不良的心血管疾病风险感知,平均得分为44.40±8.07.
- 与城市居民相比,农村居民的心血管疾病风险感知明显较差 (平均差异 = -3.16,p<0.001).
- 高等教育,城市居住和特定的区域位置 (拉各斯,Oyo) 是良好的心血管疾病风险感知的重要预测因素.
结论:
- 虽然对心血管疾病的原因和预防的理解是公平的,但相当多的人低估了个人风险,特别是农村和受教育程度较低的人.
- 这些发现突出了尼日利亚西南部农村和城市人口之间对心血管疾病风险感知的差异.
- 建议加强公共卫生教育举措,以改善心血管疾病风险感知和促进预防行为.
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