人们在收到描述性规范信息后更新了他们的禁令规范和道德信念
Paul Deutchman1, Gordon Kraft-Todd1, Liane Young1
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College.
Journal of personality and social psychology
|November 12, 2024
概括
人们根据别人做的事情来更新他们对社会规范的信仰. 学习一种行为是常见的增加了积极的信念,而学习它是常见的.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 社会规范指导行为和判断,但将描述性规范 (人们做什么) 与禁令性规范 (人们应该做什么) 联系起来的认知机制尚未完全理解.
- 了解人们如何处理有关行为普遍性的信息对于社会规范认知至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查描述性规范信息如何影响个人对禁令规范,道德判断和行为意图的信念.
- 通过检查对描述性规范的反应来更新信念来探索社会规范认知背后的认知过程.
主要方法:
- 六项研究 (N = 2,671) 对各种行为 (公平,常规,伤害,偏好) 操纵了描述性规范 (常见与不常见).
- 与禁令规范,道德和行为意图有关的信念在参与者收到描述性规范信息之前和之后被评估.
主要成果:
- 参与者在常见的描述性规范之后对信念进行了积极的更新,在不常见的规范之后进行了消极的更新,对于常见的规范进行了更大的更新.
- 对于对他人的道德的判断而言,信仰更新更为明显,而不是与自我有关的道德.
- 与伤害行为和偏好相比,公平和传统行为显示出更大的信念更新.
结论:
- 描述性规范显著塑造了命令性规范信念和道德判断,证明了社会规范认知的一个关键方面.
- 这些发现突出了根据感知到的社会行为来调整信仰的认知灵活性,特别是在社会和传统规范方面.
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