功能性大脑网络组织和多领域的适应能力,以邻居的劣势在年轻人
Jessica L Bezek1, Scott Tillem1, Gabriela L Suarez1
1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan.
The American psychologist
|November 12, 2024
概括
大脑网络的组织与处境不利的年轻人的性有关. 特定的大脑连接和效率模式支持心理,社会和学术性,尽管逆境.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 处境不利的社区的年轻人面临着较高的心理和行为健康不良风险.
- 弹性,或积极的适应尽管逆境,越来越多地被认为是多维的,包括社会和学术上的成功,不仅仅是精神病理的缺失.
- 恢复力的神经标志物正在出现,但更广泛的网络组织支持与邻里不利关系中的恢复力在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 研究大脑网络组织与青少年多个 (心理,社会,学术) 弹性领域之间的关联.
- 探索在邻里处于不利地位的背景下,支性的神经机制.
- 通过检查不同的神经相关性来推进多维弹性模型.
主要方法:
- 在休息状态和基于任务的功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 的功能连接数据上利用图形分析.
- 分析了从高贫困社区招募的708名双胞胎 (7-19岁) 的数据.
- 具有全脑和网络层次组织的特点,包括功能集成 (效率) 和对干扰的稳定性 (选择性).
主要成果:
- 默认模式网络和皮层下系统之间的连接性减少与更大的社会弹性有关.
- 较高的全脑功能整合 (效率) 与青少年更好的心理性相关,累积逆境较低.
- 较低的全脑效率和更高的选择性与年轻人具有更高的累积逆境的心理和社会弹性有关.
结论:
- 独特的神经机制支持面临邻里不利地位的年轻人的不同弹性领域.
- 脑网络组织,包括默认模式网络连接和全脑效率,在青少年的弹性中起着至关重要的作用.
- 研究结果支持多维弹性模型,并强调考虑特定网络属性的重要性,以了解适应逆境.
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