在马来西亚沙巴的显微镜诊断的疟疾病例中没有发现Plasmodium cynomolgi感染
Lydia S Murdiyarso1, Giri S Rajahram1,2,3,4, Angelica F Tan1,2
1Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
|November 12, 2024
概括
在马来西亚的一项大规模研究中,没有检测到Plasmodium cynomolgi感染. 这一发现表明,有症状的动物性疟疾共感染很罕见,但由于诊断局限性可能被低估.
科学领域:
- 热带医学 热带医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 动物感染的疟疾,特别是Plasmodium knowlesi,是东南亚地区的重大公共卫生问题.
- 青杆菌 cynomolgi 与P. knowlesi共享宿主和载体,并且在形态上与活杆菌 Plasmodium vivax 相似,使疟疾诊断和监测复杂化.
- 准确识别等菌物种对于理解传播动态和实施有效的控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用高度敏感的分子方法,调查马来西亚沙巴的人类中Plasmodium cynomolgi感染的流行情况.
- 评估Plasmodium cynomolgi可能导致该地区疟疾诊断和传播估计的可能性.
主要方法:
- 在2010年至2021年期间在马来西亚沙巴的所有地区收集的2,103个人类血液样本进行了全面查.
- 使用了针对P. cynomolgi特定的18S核糖体RNA基因的嵌套PCR试验,其高灵敏度约为2寄生虫/μL.
- 样本包括已确认的P. knowlesi,P. vivax,P. falciparum,P. malariae的病例,以及显微镜阳性,PCR阴性样本.
主要成果:
- 在分析的2,103个样本中,没有检测到任何Plasmodium cynomolgi感染.
- 该研究证实了其他Plasmodium物种的存在,包括P. knowlesi,P. vivax,P. falciparum和P. malariae.
结论:
- 在马来西亚的人口中,有症状的Plasmodium cynomolgi联合感染似乎很少见.
- 该研究强调了需要敏感的诊断工具,以准确区分菌种类,避免低估真正的流行率.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来探索无症状感染或其他宿主物种的感染.
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