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一个低收入国家的地下水污染风险的空间模型

Rebekah G K Hinton¹, Robert M Kalin², Modesta B Kanjaye³

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK; The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK.

|November 12, 2024

概括

坑对于环境卫生至关重要,但有可能污染地下水. 预测显示,到2070年,水点污染将增加3至7倍,威胁到清洁水目标.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
公共卫生公共卫生
水资源管理水资源管理

背景情况:

坑对于联合国可持续发展目标6 (SDG6) 是必不可少的,但如果不安全管理,可能会造成地下水污染的风险.
来自坑的污染增加了疾病和死亡率.
对于未来的坑-所污染风险,缺乏长期的空间预测.

研究的目的:

为了产生高分辨率的空间预测坑-所污染风险从2020年到2070年.
在各种人口情景下建模坑-所扩张.
评估坑所对水质和公共健康的未来影响.

主要方法:

利用了马拉维超过10万个水点和26万个坑所的全国调查数据.
开发了一种新的,高分辨率的空间模型,用于坑-所生长.
在五种不同的人口情景下预计的污染风险,重点关注"通常情况下的业务"增长情景.

主要成果:

预计到2070年,面临近距离微生物污染风险的水点数将增加三倍.
预计污染风险最高的水点将增加七倍.
据估计,在2020-2070年期间,约有8.2兆的便被丢弃到废弃的坑所中,相当于国家肥料应用.

结论:

坑-所污染风险的显著增加威胁到清洁水的可用性.
需要对卫生管理进行紧急改变,以防止可持续发展目标6的目标发生冲突.
未来的卫生战略必须整合强有力的水资源保护措施.

关键词:

污染污染污染污染地下水的地下水.坑坑的所坑坑的所卫生设施卫生设施卫生设施可持续的发展可持续发展水的质量水的质量

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